Interactive Data

Putting Water Usage In Perspective

Modern closed-loop data centers require almost zero evaporative cooling. See how their annual usage compares to other large-scale developments.

Annual Water Consumption

This interactive chart compares water consumption for a large closed-loop data center against scaled examples of other high-water activities. Numbers are approximate averages drawn from public industry reports, USGA data, and EPA household estimates.

Comparison by Facility Scale (Million Gallons per Year)

Closed-Loop Data Center
5M
(hyperscale facility)
Residential Lawns
50M
(1,000 homes)
Housing Tract
110M
(1,000 homes indoor+outdoor)
Golf Course
114M
(typical 18-hole)
Almond Farming
114M
(100 acres)

The Key Takeaway

Closed-loop data centers use dramatically less water than a single golf course, an equivalent almond orchard, or an entire housing development of the same scale. Traditional evaporative-cooled data centers historically used far more, but modern closed-loop design eliminates massive consumption by strictly circulating a permanent internal liquid cooling system.

Broader National Context

To fully comprehend the scale, we must look at the overall national impact of different sectors.

All U.S. Data Centers 17 Billion (mostly traditional open-loop)
U.S. Golf Courses 500 Billion
California Almonds 1.5 Trillion (1,500 billion)
U.S. Residential Lawns Thousands of Billions
Agriculture Overall Tens of Trillions (largest user by far)

Data reflects 2023–2025 public reports and averages; actual usage varies by location, climate, and exact design.